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The biocompatibility of bone cements: progress in methodological approach

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The ideal bone graft substitute should have certain properties and there are many studies dealing with mixture of polymethylmetacrilate (PMMA) and β-tricalciumphospate (β-TCP) presenting the best characteristics of both. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), for ultra-structural data, resulted a very reliable in vivo model to better understand the bioactivity of a cement and to properly evaluate its suitability for a particular purpose. The present study aims to further improve the knowledge on osteointegration development, using both parameters obtained with the Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) and focused histological examination. Two hybrid bone graft substitute were designed among ceramic and polymer-based bone graft substitutes. Based on β-TCP granules sizes, they were created with theoretical different osteoconductive properties. An acrylic standard cement was chosen as control. Cements were implanted in twelve New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits, which were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after cement implantation. Histological samples were prepared with an infiltration process of LR white resin and then specimens were studied by X-rays, histology and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM). Comparing the resulting data, it was possible to follow osteointegration’s various developments resulting from different sizes of β-TCP granules. In this paper, we show that this evaluation process, together with ESEM, provides further important information that allows to follow any osteointegration at every stage of develop.

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Tong-Guang Xu, Jiaxu Shi, Hang Qi, Song Chen, Bin Li, Feng Zhang, Jing-Hui He (2024)
Radiopaque and Biocompatible PMMA Bone Cement Triggered by Nano Tantalum Carbide and Its Osteogenic Performance. ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, 10(9), 5624.
10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00552
Andrea Pizzoli, Manuel Bondi, Laura Piotto, Nicola Tartaglia, Michele Saracino, Oleg Vyrva (2023)
Efficacy of Cal-Cemex as bone substitute for tibial plateau fractures. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 18(1),
10.1186/s13018-023-04323-1
Débora Drummond Hauss Monteiro, Henrique Limborço, Rodrigo Guimarães Porto, Allyson Nogueira Moreira, Wagner Nunes Rodrigues, Cláudia Silami de Magalhães (2020)
Metallization and Ar‐O plasma effects on dental enamel roughness evaluated with SEM and MeX™ for 3D reconstruction. Microscopy Research and Technique, 83(6), 597.
10.1002/jemt.23450
Tommaso Maluta, Umberto Lavagnolo, Lydia Segalla, Nicholas Elena, Paolo Bernardi, Daniele Degl'Innocenti, Andrea Sbarbati, Bruno Magnan (2022)
Evaluation of biocompatibility, osteointegration and biomechanical properties of the new Calcemex® cement: An in vivo study. European Journal of Histochemistry, 66(1),
10.4081/ejh.2022.3313
Carlo Dall'Oca, University of Verona

Department of Surgical, Dentistry and Maternal-Infantile Sciences. Operating Unit of orthopedics. Researcher.

Tommaso Maluta, University of Verona
Operating Complex Unit of Orthopedics and Traumatology B, Manager.
Gian Mario Micheloni, University of Verona
Department of Surgical, Dentistry and Maternal-Infantile Sciences. Operating Unit of orthopedics. Trainee.
Giampaolo Morbioli, University of Verona
CIRSAL - Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca Scientifica su Animali da Laboratorio (Interdepartmental Center of Scientific Research on Laboratory Animals),
Paolo Bernardi, University of Verona
Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement. Human Anatomy and Histology Section. Technical-administrative staff
Andrea Sbarbati, Verona University of Verona
Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement. Human Anatomy and Histology Section. Professor. Director.
Daniele Degl'Innocenti, University of Verona
Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement. Human Anatomy and Histology Section. Grantholder researcher
Franco Lavini, University of Verona
Department of Surgical, Dentistry and Maternal-Infantile Sciences. Operating Unit of orthopedics. Trainee.
Bruno Magnan, University of Verona
Department of Surgical, Dentistry and Maternal-Infantile Sciences. Operating Unit of orthopedics. Associate professor. Director

How to Cite

Dall’Oca, C., Maluta, T., Micheloni, G. M., Cengarle, M., Morbioli, G., Bernardi, P., … Magnan, B. (2017). The biocompatibility of bone cements: progress in methodological approach. European Journal of Histochemistry, 61(2). https://doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2017.2673

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