https://doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2021.3249

Quantitative, structural and molecular changes in neuroglia of aging mammals: A review

By Dchordpdx - Own work, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=64427063
Vol. 65 No. s1 (2021): Special Collection on Advances in Neuromorphology in Health and Disease
Submitted: 18 March 2021
Accepted: 27 May 2021
Published: 23 June 2021
aging, astrocytes, microglia, neuroglia, oligodendrocytes, satellite cells, Schwann cells
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Authors

Ennio Pannese
ennio.pannese@unimi.it
Emeritus, Full Professor of Normal Human Anatomy and Neurocytology at the University of Milan, Italy.

The neuroglia of the central and peripheral nervous systems undergo numerous changes during normal aging. Astrocytes become hypertrophic and accumulate intermediate filaments. Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells undergo alterations that are often accompanied by degenerative changes to the myelin sheath. In microglia, proliferation in response to injury, motility of cell processes, ability to migrate to sites of neural injury, and phagocytic and autophagic capabilities are reduced. In sensory ganglia, the number and extent of gaps between perineuronal satellite cells – that leave the surfaces of sensory ganglion neurons directly exposed to basal lamina– increase significantly. The molecular profiles of neuroglia also change in old age, which, in view of the interactions between neurons and neuroglia, have negative consequences for important physiological processes in the nervous system. Since neuroglia actively participate in numerous nervous system processes, it is likely that not only neurons but also neuroglia will prove to be useful targets for interventions to prevent, reverse or slow the behavioral changes and cognitive decline that often accompany senescence.

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How to Cite

Pannese, E. (2021). Quantitative, structural and molecular changes in neuroglia of aging mammals: A review . European Journal of Histochemistry, 65(s1). https://doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2021.3249

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