https://doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2023.3559
Differential antigen expression between human apocrine sweat glands and eccrine sweat glands
Submitted: 18 September 2022
Accepted: 29 November 2022
Published: 22 December 2022
Accepted: 29 November 2022
Abstract Views: 911
PDF: 592
HTML: 50
HTML: 50
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Bromhidrosis has a great negative impact on personal occupation and social psychology. It is not yet clear whether bromhidrosis is caused by apocrine sweat glands or the co-action of apocrine sweat glands and eccrine sweat glands. To distinguish between apocrine sweat glands and eccrine sweat glands, specific antigen markers for apocrine sweat glands and eccrine sweat glands must be found first. In the study, we detected the expression of K7, K18, K19, Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter 1 (NKCC1), carbonic anhydrase II (CAII), Forkhead transcription factor a1 (Foxa1), homeobox transcription factor engrailed homeobox1 (En1), gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15), mucin-1 (MUC-1), cluster of differentiation 15 (CD15) and apolipoprotein (APOD) in eccrine sweat glands and apocrine sweat glands by immunofluorescence staining. The results showed that K7, K18, K19, Foxa1, GCDFP-15 and MUC-1 were expressed in both apocrine and eccrine sweat glands, CD15 and APOD were only expressed in apocrine sweat glands, and CAII, NKCC1 and En1 were only expressed in eccrine sweat glands. We conclude that CD15 and APOD can serve as specific markers for apocrine sweat glands, while CAII, NKCC1 and En1 can serve as specific markers for eccrine sweat glands to differentiate the two sweat glands.
Beer GM, Baumüller S, Zech N, Wyss P, Strasser D, Varga Z, et al. Immunohistochemical differentiation and localization analysis of sweat glands in the adult human axilla. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006;117:2043-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000210681.90799.b1
Bragança GMG, Lima SO, Neto AFP, Marques LM, Melo EV, Reis FP. Evaluation of anxiety and depression prevalence in patients with primary severe. An Bras Dermatol 2014; 9:230-5.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142189
Shinaoka A, Nakahara R, Saeki M. The use of 33 MHz ultra-high-frequency ultrasonography for the evaluation of sweat glands in the axilla with osmidrosis. PLoS One 2021;16:e0251600.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251600
Bang YH, Kim JH, Paik SW, Park SH, Jackson IT, Lebeda R. Histopathology of apocrine bromhidrosis. Plast Reconstr Surg 1996;98: 88-92.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199608000-00012
Lonsdale-Eccles A, Leonard N, Lawrence C. Axillary hyperhidrosis: eccrine or apocrine? Clin Exp Dermatol 2003;28:2-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2230.2003.01162.x
Semkova K, Gergovska M, Kazandjieva J, Tsankov N. Hyperhidrosi
s, bromhidrosis, and chromhidrosis: Fold (intertriginous) dermatoses. Clin Dermatol 2015;33:483-91.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2015.04.013
Lu C, Fuchs E. Sweat gland progenitors in development, homeostasis, and wound repair. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014;4:1-17.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a015222
Sato K, Kang WH, Saga K, Sato KT. Biology of sweat glands and their disorders. I. Normal sweat gland function. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989;20:537-63.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0190-9622(89)70063-3
Borowczyk-Michalowska J, Zimolag E, Konieczny P, Chrapusta A, Madeja Z, Drukala J. Stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4) as a distinguishing marker between eccrine and apocrine origin of ducts of sweat glands. J Invest Dermatol 2017;137:2437-40.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.003
Lin Y, Chen L, Zhang M, Xie S, Du L, Zhang X, et al. Eccrine sweat gland and its regeneration: Current status and future directions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021;9:1-12.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.667765
Fuchs E. Epithelial skin biology: Three decades of developmental biology, a hundred questions answered and a thousand new ones to address. Curr Top Dev Biol 2016;116:357-74.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ctdb.2015.11.033
Wilke K, Wepf R, Keil FJ, Wittern K-P, Wenck H, Biel SS. Are sweat glands an alternate penetration pathway? Understanding the morphological complexity of the axillary sweat gland apparatus. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2006;19:38-49.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000089142
Wang F, Zieman A, Coulombe PA. Skin keratins. Methods Enzymol 2016;568:303-50.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.mie.2015.09.032
Fuchs E. Keratins and the skin. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 1995;11:123-54.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.cb.11.110195.001011
Cao L, Chen L, Li H, Wei Z, Xie S, Zhang M, et al. Differential antigen expression between human eccrine sweat glands and hair follicles/pilosebaceous units. J Mol Histol 2019;50:335-42.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10735-019-09830-2
Hu T, Xu Y, Yao B, Fu X, Huang S. Developing a novel and convenient model for investigating sweat gland morphogenesis from epidermal stem cells. Stem Cells Int 2019;2019:4254759.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4254759
Lu C P, Polak L, Keyes B E, Fuchs E. Spatiotemporal antagonism in mesenchymal-epithelial signaling in sweat versus hair fate decision. Science 2016;354:aah61021-12.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah6102
Li H, Zhou G, Fu X, Zhang L. Antigen expression of human eccrine sweat glands. J Cutan Pathol 2009;36:318-24.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01020.x
Cui C, Schlessinger D. Eccrine sweat gland development and sweat secretion. Exp Dermatol 2015;24:644-50.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/exd.12773
Li H, Chen L, Zhang M, Zhang B. Foxa1 gene and protein in developing rat eccrine sweat glands. J Mol Histol 2017;48:1-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10735-016-9700-5
Cui C, Childress V, Piao Y, Schlessinger D. Forkhead transcription factor FoxA1 regulates sweat secretion through Bestrophin 2 anion channel and Na-K-Cl cotransporter 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2012;109:1199-203.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1117213109
Darrow E. Haagensen J, Dilley W G, Samuel A. Wells J. Review of GCDFP-15. An apocrine marker protein. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1990;586:161-73.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb17804.x
Miura K, Akashi T, Ando N, Ayabe S, Kayamori K, Namiki T, et al. Homeobox transcriptional factor engrailed homeobox 1 is expressed specifically in normal and neoplastic sweat gland cells. Histopathology 2018;72:1199-208.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/his.13486
Viacava P, Naccarato A G, Bevilacqua G. Spectrum of GCDFP-15 expression in human fetal and adult normal tissues. Virchows Arch 1998;432:255-60.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s004280050163
Saga K. Histochemical and immunohistochemical markers for human eccrine and apocrine sweat glands: an aid for histopathologic differentiation of sweat gland tumors. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 2001;6:49-53.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.00005.x
de Viragh PA, Szeimies RM, Eckert F. Apocrine cystadenoma, apocrine hidrocystoma, and eccrine hidrocystoma: three distinct tumors defined by expression of keratins and human milk fat globulin 1. J Cutan Pathol 2006;24:249-55.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1997.tb01590.x
Haas M, Forbush B, III. The Na-K-Cl cotransporter of secretory epithelia. Annu Rev Physiol 2000;62:515-34.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.62.1.515
Hassan M I, Shajee B, Waheed A, Ahmad F, Sly W S. Structure, function and applications of carbonic anhydrase isozymes. Bioorg Med Chem 2013;21:1570-82.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2012.04.044
Li H, Chen L, Zhang M, Zhang B. Cells in 3D-reconstitutued eccrine sweat gland cell spheroids differentiate into gross cystic disease fluid protein 15-expressing dark secretory cells and carbonic anhydrase II-expressing clear secretory cells. Acta Histochem 2017;119:620-3.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acthis.2017.07.001
Bovell DL, MacDonald A, Meyer BA, Corbett AD, MacLaren WM, Holmes SL, et al. The secretory clear cell of the eccrine sweat gland as the probable source of excess sweat production in hyperhidrosis. Exp Dermatol 2011;20:1017-20.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01361.x
Kamberov YG, Karlsson EK, Kamberova GL, Tabin CJ. A genetic basis of variation in eccrine sweat gland and hair follicle density. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2015;112:9932-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1511680112
Gadhoum S Z, Sackstein R. CD15 expression in human myeloid cell differentiation is regulated by sialidase activity. Nat Chem Biol 2008;4:751-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.116
Pellegrini W, Bresciani G, Zorzi A D, Marocolo D, Ungari M, Facchetti F. MMA monoclonal antibody is a superior anti-CD15 reagent for the diagnosis of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. Haematologica 2007;92:708-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3324/haematol.11002
Ansai S, Koseki S, Hozumi Y, Kondo S. An immunohistochemical study of lysozyme, CD-15 (Leu M1), and gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 in various skin tumors. Assessment of the specificity and sensitivity of markers of apocrine differentiation. Am J Dermatopathol 1995;17:249-55.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00000372-199506000-00006
Bovell DL, Corbett AD, Holmes S, MacDonald A, Harker M. The absence of apoeccrine glands in the human axilla has disease pathogenetic implications, including axillary hyperhidrosis. Br J Dermatol 2007;156:1278-86.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07917.x
Rassart E, Desmarais F, Najyb O, Bergeron K-F, Mounier C. Apolipoprotein D. Gene 2020;756:144874.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2020.144874
Chen H, Yang G, Li Y, Li X, Du J. Expression of apolipoprotein D and androgen receptor in axillary osmidrosis and its molecular mechanism. Int J Clin Exp Med 2013;6:497-503.
Rights
82172231, 82172211, 81830064How to Cite
Cao, M., Zhang, L., Chen, J., Wang, C., Zhao, J., Liu, X. ., … Li, H. (2022). Differential antigen expression between human apocrine sweat glands and eccrine sweat glands. European Journal of Histochemistry, 67(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2023.3559
Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Similar Articles
- C. Pellicciari, On the future contents of a small journal of histochemistry , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 56 No. 4 (2012)
- C. Pellicciari, Histochemistry through the years, browsing a long-established journal: novelties in traditional subjects , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 54 No. 4 (2010)
- Yuuki Maeda, Yoko Miwa, Iwao Sato, Expression of CGRP, vasculogenesis and osteogenesis associated mRNAs in the developing mouse mandible and tibia , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 61 No. 1 (2017)
- S. Gurzu, M. Krause, I. Ember, L. Azamfirei, G. Gobel, K. Feher, I. Jung, Mena, a new available marker in tumors of salivary glands? , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 56 No. 1 (2012)
- David Cajas , Emanuel Guajardo, Sergio Jara-Rosales, Claudio Nuñez, Renato Vargas, Victor Carriel, Antonio Campos, Luis Milla, Pedro Orihuela, Carlos Godoy-Guzman, Molecules involved in the sperm interaction in the human uterine tube: a histochemical and immunohistochemical approach , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 67 No. 2 (2023)
- D.E. Korzhevskii, E.G. Sukhorukova, O.V. Kirik, I.P. Grigorev, Immunohistochemical demonstration of specific antigens in the human brain fixed in zinc-ethanol-formaldehyde , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 59 No. 3 (2015)
- M. Di Rosa, M.A. Szychlinska, D. Tibullo, L. Malaguarnera, G. Musumeci, Expression of CHI3L1 and CHIT1 in osteoarthritic rat cartilage model. A morphological study , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 58 No. 3 (2014)
- Y. Zhang, J. Wang, X. Cheng, B. Yi, X. Zhang, Q. Li, Apigenin induces dermal collagen synthesis via smad2/3 signaling pathway , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 59 No. 2 (2015)
- M. Artico, E. Bronzetti, B. Ionta, M. Bruno, A. Greco, G. Ruoppolo, A. De Virgilio, L. Longo, M. De Vincentiis, Reinke's Edema: investigations on the role of MIB-1 and hepatocyte growth factor , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 54 No. 3 (2010)
- Francesca Diomede, Soundara Rajan Thangavelu, Ilaria Merciaro, Monica D'Orazio, Placido Bramanti, Emanuela Mazzon, Oriana Trubiani, Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide stimulation in human periodontal ligament stem cells: role of epigenetic modifications to the inflammation , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 61 No. 3 (2017)
<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
