https://doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2025.4147
Restorative effects of camellia oil on the skin-barrier function in a model of DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis
Submitted: 25 September 2024
Accepted: 10 December 2024
Published: 21 January 2025
Accepted: 10 December 2024
Abstract Views: 17
PDF: 8
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of camellia oil on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) in mice, as well as its effect on the expression of skin-barrier-related proteins. A mouse model of AD was created via topical application of DNCB; subsequently, the animals were randomly divided into four groups: the blank control (Control), model (Model), moisturizing cream (Moisturizer), and camellia oil (Camellia) groups. The Camellia group received camellia oil, whereas the Moisturizer group was treated with moisturizing cream, as a positive control. Skin lesions, ear and back tissue morphology, and the serum levels of IgE, IL-4, and IFN-γ were analyzed. Compared with the Control group, AD mice exhibited erythema, papules, dryness, peeling, and significantly higher serum IgE and IL-4 levels. Compared with the Model group, treatment with camellia oil and moisturizing cream considerably reduced skin inflammation, ear thickness, and scratching frequency. A histopathological analysis revealed that camellia oil reduced inflammatory-cell infiltration and edema in the AD-affected skin. Furthermore, camellia oil upregulated filaggrin (FLG), thus aiding in skin-barrier repair. These findings suggest that camellia oil significantly improves AD symptoms, enhances FLG expression, and restores the damaged skin barrier in AD mouse models.
1. Lopez Carrera YI, Al Hammadi A, Huang YH, Llamado LJ, Mahgoub E, Tallman AM. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of atopic dermatitis in the developing countries of Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East: a review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2019;9:685-705.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13555-019-00332-3
2. Kowalska-Olędzka E, Czarnecka M, Baran A. Epidemiology of atopic dermatitis in Europe. J Drug Assess 2019;8:126-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21556660.2019.1619570
3. Tian J, Zhang D, Yang Y, Huang Y, Wang L, Yao X, et al. Global epidemiology of atopic dermatitis: a comprehensive systematic analysis and modelling study. Br J Dermatol 2023;190:55-61.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljad339
4. Shin YH, Hwang J, Kwon R, Lee SW, Kim MS, GBD 2019 Allergic Disorders Collaborators, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of allergic disorders and their risk factors in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Allergy 2023;78:2232-54.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.15807
5. Silverberg JI, Gelfand JM, Margolis DJ, Boguniewicz M, Fonacier L, Grayson MH, et al. Pain is a common and burdensome symptom of atopic dermatitis in United States adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2019;7:2699–706.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2019.05.055
6. Silverberg JI, Gelfand JM, Margolis DJ, Boguniewicz M, Fonacier L, Grayson MH, et al. Patient burden and quality of life in atopic dermatitis in US adults: A population-based cross-sectional study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018;121:340-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2018.07.006
7. Simpson EL, Bieber T, Eckert L, Wu R, Ardeleanu M, Graham NM, et al. Patient burden of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD): Insights from a phase 2b clinical trial of dupilumab in adults. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016;74:491-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2015.10.043
8. Lee HH, Patel KR, Singam V, Rastogi S, Silverberg JI. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and phenotype of adult-onset atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019;80:1526-32.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2018.05.1241
9. Pesce G, Marcon A, Carosso A, Antonicelli L, Cazzoletti L, Ferrari M, et al. Adult eczema in Italy: prevalence and associations with environmental factors. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015;29:1180-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.12784
10. Dębińska A. New Treatments for atopic dermatitis targeting skin barrier repair via the regulation of FLG expression. J Clin Med 2021;10:2506.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10112506
11. Eichenfield LF, Tom WL, Berger TG, Krol A, Paller AS, Schwarzenberger K, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 2. Management and treatment of atopic dermatitis with topical therapies. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014;71:116-32.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2014.03.023
12. Wollenberg A, Werfel T, Ring J, Ott H, Gieler U, Weidinger S. Atopic dermatitis in children and adults - diagnosis and treatment. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2023;120:224-34.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.m2023.0011
13. de Bruin-Weller M, Thaçi D, Smith CH, Reich K, Cork MJ, Radin A, et al. Dupilumab with concomitant topical corticosteroid treatment in adults with atopic dermatitis with an inadequate response or intolerance to ciclosporin A or when this treatment is medically inadvisable: a placebo-controlled, randomized phase III clinical trial (LIBERTY AD CAFÉ). Br J Dermatol 2018;178:1083-101.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.16156
14. Blauvelt A, de Bruin-Weller M, Gooderham M, Cather JC, Weisman J, Pariser D, et al. Long-term management of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis with dupilumab and concomitant topical corticosteroids (LIBERTY AD CHRONOS): a 1-year, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2017;389:2287-303.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31191-1
15. No authors listed. Clinical Review Report: Crisaborole Ointment, 2% (Eucrisa): (Pfizer Canada Inc.): Indication: For topical treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in patients 2 years of age and older [Internet]. Ottawa (ON): Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, 2019.
16. Luan F, Zeng JS, Yang Y, He XR, Wang BJ, Gao YB, et al. Recent advances in Camellia oleifera Abel: a review of nutritional constituents, biofunctional properties, and potential industrial applications. J Funct Foods 2020;75:104242.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.104242
17. Yang G, Qi Z, Shan S, Xie D, Tan X. Advances in separation, biological properties, and structure-activity relationship of triterpenoids derived from Camellia oleifera Abel. J Agric Food Chem 2024;72:4574-86.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09168
18. Kim S, Jung E, Shin S, Kim M, Kim YS, Lee J, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of Camellia japonica oil. BMB Rep 2012;45:177-82.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2012.45.3.177
19. Liu Y, Xiao X, Ji L, Xie L, Wu S, Liu Z. Camellia cake extracts reduce burn injury through suppressing inflammatory responses and enhancing collagen synthesis. Food Nutr Res 2020;64.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v64.3782
20. Jung E, Lee J, Baek J, Jung K, Lee J, Huh S, et al. Effect of Camellia japonica oil on human type I procollagen production and skin barrier function. J Ethnopharmacol 2007;112:127-31.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.02.012
21. Huang SG, Yang XX, Mo LQ, Zhou XY. [Optimization of emollient formulation for treating atopic dermatitis by skin physiological index testing].[Article in Chinese]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2017;37:967-74.
22. Agrawal R, Woodfolk JA. Skin barrier defects in atopic dermatitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2014;14:433.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-014-0433-9
23. Chen L, Deng H, Cui H, Fang J, Zuo Z, Deng J, et al. Inflammatory responses and inflammation-associated diseases in organs. Oncotarget 2017;9:7204-18.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.23208
24. Zhang T, Qiu F, Chen L, Liu R, Chang M, Wang X. Identification and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of different forms of phenolic compounds in Camellia oleifera oil. Food Chem 2021;344:128660.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128660
25. Zhao Y, Su RQ, Zhang WT, Yao GL, Chen J. Antibacterial activity of tea saponin from camellia oleifera shell by novel extraction method. Ind Crops Prod 2020;153:112604.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112604
26. Kopfnagel V, Harder J, Werfel T. Expression of antimicrobial peptides in atopic dermatitis and possible immunoregulatory functions. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2013;13:531-6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/ACI.0b013e328364ddfd
27. Johnson EE, Irons JS, Patterson R, Roberts M. Serum IgE concentration in atopic dermatitis. Relationship to severity of disease and presence of atopic respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1974;54:94-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-6749(74)90037-2
28. Kim D, Kobayashi T, Nagao K. Research techniques made simple: mouse models of atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2019;139:984-90.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2019.02.014
29. Gittler JK, Shemer A, Suárez-Fariñas M, Fuentes-Duculan J, Gulewicz KJ, Wang CQ, et al. Progressive activation of T(H)2/T(H)22 cytokines and selective epidermal proteins characterizes acute and chronic atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012;130:1344-54.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2012.07.012
30. Guttman-Yassky E, Nograles KE, Krueger JG. Contrasting pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis--part I: clinical and pathologic concepts. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;127:1110-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2011.01.053
31. Roesner LM, Werfel T, Heratizadeh A. The adaptive immune system in atopic dermatitis and implications on therapy. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2016;12:787-96.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1586/1744666X.2016.1165093
32. DaSilva-Arnold SC, Thyagarajan A, Seymour LJ, Yi Q, Bradish JR, Al-Hassani M, et al. Phenotyping acute and chronic atopic dermatitis-like lesions in Stat6VT mice identifies a role for IL-33 in disease pathogenesis. Arch Dermatol Res 2018;310:197-207.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-018-1807-y
33. Kang J, Im DS. FFA2 activation ameliorates 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in mice. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2020;28:267-71.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2019.160
34. Ring J. Endogenous and exogenous eczema. Introduction. Semin Dermatol 1990;9:195-6.
35. Dharmage SC, Lowe AJ, Matheson MC, Burgess JA, Allen KJ, Abramson MJ. Atopic dermatitis and the atopic march revisited. Allergy 2014;69:17-27.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.12268
36. Martel BC, Litman T, Hald A, Norsgaard H, Lovato P, Dyring-Andersen B, et al. Distinct molecular signatures of mild extrinsic and intrinsic atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2016;25:453-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/exd.12967
37. Jin W, Huang W, Chen L, Jin M, Wang Q, Gao Z, et al. Topical Application of JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor momelotinib exhibits significant anti-inflammatory responses in DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis model mice. Int J Mol Sci 2018;19:3973.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123973
38. Wang Y, Zhang P, Zhang J, Hong T. Inhibitory effect of bisdemethoxycurcumin on DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis in mice. Molecules 2022;28:293.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010293
39. Riedl R, Kühn A, Rietz D, Hebecker B, Glowalla KG, Peltner LK, et al. Establishment and characterization of mild atopic dermatitis in the DNCB-induced mouse model. Int J Mol Sci 2023;24:12325.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241512325
40. Sroka-Tomaszewska J, Trzeciak M. Molecular mechanisms of atopic dermatitis pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021;22:4130.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084130
41. Wananukul S, Chatproedprai S, Tempark T, Phuthongkamt W, Chatchatee P. The natural course of childhood atopic dermatitis: a retrospective cohort study. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2015;33:161-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12932/AP0498.33.2.2015
42. Eyerich S, Eyerich K, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Biedermann T. Cutaneous barriers and skin immunity: differentiating a connected network. Trends Immunol 2018;39:315-27.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2018.02.004
43. Armengot-Carbo M, Hernández-Martín Á, Torrelo A. The role of filaggrin in the skin barrier and disease development. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2015;106:86–95.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adengl.2014.12.007
44. Cole C, Kroboth K, Schurch NJ, Sandilands A, Sherstnev A, O'Regan GM, et al. Filaggrin-stratified transcriptomic analysis of pediatric skin identifies mechanistic pathways in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014;134:82-91.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2014.04.021
45. Furue K, Ito T, Tsuji G, Ulzii D, Vu YH, Kido-Nakahara M, et al. The IL-13-OVOL1-FLG axis in atopic dermatitis. Immunology 2019;158:281-6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/imm.13120
46. Thyssen JP, Kezic S. Causes of epidermal filaggrin reduction and their role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014;134:792-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2014.06.014
47. Wang L, Ahmad S, Wang X, Li H, Luo Y. Comparison of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of camellia oil from Hainan with camellia oil From Guangxi, olive oil, and peanut oil. Front Nutr 2021;8:667744.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.667744
48. She J, Li Q, Cui M, Zheng Q, Yang J, Chen T, et al. Profiling of phenolic composition in camellia oil and its correlative antioxidant properties analysis. Front Nutr 2024;11:1440279.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1440279
Ethics Approval
the experiment was authorized by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Fifth people's Hospital of Hainan ProvinceSupporting Agencies
Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center , Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of ChinaHow to Cite
Jiao, S., Deng, L., Niu, M., & Yang, J. (2025). Restorative effects of camellia oil on the skin-barrier function in a model of DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis. European Journal of Histochemistry, 69(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2025.4147
Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Similar Articles
- L Pilloni, P Bianco, C Manieli, G Senes, P Coni, L Atzori, N Aste, G Faa, Immunoreactivity for alpha-smooth muscle actin characterizes a potentially aggressive subgroup of little basal cell carcinomas , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 53 No. 2 (2009)
- N. Kiga, I. Tojyo, T. Matsumoto, Y. Hiraishi, Y. Shinohara, S. Fujita, Expression of lumican related to CD34 and VEGF in the articular disc of the human temporomandibular joint. , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 54 No. 3 (2010)
- Q. Li, F. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. Sheng, X. Han, Q. Weng, Z. Yuan, Seasonal expression of androgen receptor, aromatase, and estrogen receptor alpha and beta in the testis of the wild ground squirrel (Citellus dauricus Brandt) , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 59 No. 1 (2015)
- Arturo Mangas, Javier Yajeya, Noelia González, Isabel Ruiz, Marianny Pernía, Michel Geffard, Rafael Coveñas, Gemst: a taylor-made combination that reverts neuroanatomical changes in stroke , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 61 No. 2 (2017)
- Zhanshu Ma, Qi Gao, Wenjing Xin, Lei Wang, Yan Chen, Chang Su, Songyan Gao, Ruiling Sun, The role of miR-143-3p/FNDC1 axis on the progression of non-small cell lung cancer , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 67 No. 2 (2023)
- E. De Nevi, P. Marco-Salazar, D. Fondevila, E. Blasco, L. Pérez, M. Pumarola, Immunohistochemical study of doublecortin and nucleostemin in canine brain , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 57 No. 1 (2013)
- C. Pellicciari, Impact of Histochemistry on biomedical research: looking through the articles published in a long-established histochemical journal , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 58 No. 4 (2014)
- J.H. Song, M.Y. Lee, Y.J. Kim, S.R. Park, J. Kim, S.Y. Ryu, J.Y. Jung, Developmental immunolocalization of the Klotho protein in mouse kidney epithelial cells , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 58 No. 1 (2014)
- Kazuhiko Hashimoto, Yutaka Oda, Koichi Nakagawa, Terumasa Ikeda, Kazuhiro Ohtani, Masao Akagi, LOX-1 deficient mice show resistance to zymosan-induced arthritis , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 62 No. 1 (2018)
- A Casini, A Pinna, I Tooyama, H Kimura, G Di Chiara, TG Renda, Fate of (D-Ala2)-deltorphin-I-like immunoreactive neurons in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rat brain , European Journal of Histochemistry: Vol. 48 No. 2 (2004)
<< < 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
Publication Facts
Metric
This article
Other articles
Peer reviewers
2
2.4
Reviewer profiles N/A
Author statements
Author statements
This article
Other articles
Data availability
N/A
16%
External funding
N/A
32%
Competing interests
N/A
11%
Metric
This journal
Other journals
Articles accepted
57%
33%
Days to publication
117
145
- Editor & editorial board
- profiles
- Academic society
- N/A
- Publisher
- PAGEPress Publications, Pavia, Italy
To learn about these publication facts, click 
PF is maintained by the Public Knowledge Project
